Quality Standard Details

Diabetes in Pregnancy: Care for People of Reproductive Age

Publication Date
2021-May-01
Status
Published
Topic Area
Diabetes and Other Endocrinal, Nutritional and Metabolic

Gestational diabetes is a temporary condition that affects 3% to 20% of pregnant people in Ontario. People with diabetes in pregnancy have higher rates of pregnancy complications compared with the general population, including perinatal mortality, hypertension, preterm delivery, Caesarean delivery, large-for-gestational-age infants, congenital malformations, and other neonatal morbidities.

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes carry significantly greater maternal and fetal risk compared with gestational diabetes, and careful glycemic control throughout pregnancy is crucial for optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. 

This quality standard addresses care for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who become pregnant and people diagnosed with gestational diabetes. It includes preconception care as well as management of diabetes during pregnancy. It applies to all settings. This quality standard does not include guidance on preventing gestational diabetes or on postpartum care for neonates born to people with diabetes in pregnancy.

Quality Standard in Brief

Quality Statement 1: Preconception Care for People With Diabetes

All people of reproductive age who might become pregnant who are living with diabetes receive information about family planning. People with diabetes who are planning to become pregnant receive preconception care from an interprofessional care team, including counselling on optimizing diabetes management, screening for complications, and a review of medications.

Quality Statement 2: Coordinated Interprofessional Care

People with diabetes receive coordinated interprofessional care specific to their needs during preconception and throughout pregnancy. People with gestational diabetes receive interprofessional care at the time of diagnosis and throughout the remainder of their pregnancy.

Quality Statement 3: Self-Management Education and Support

People with diabetes and their families are offered tailored self-management education and support at the beginning of pregnancy, or at the time of gestational diabetes diagnosis, and throughout their pregnancy as needed.

Quality Statement 4: Lifestyle Management During Pregnancy

People with diabetes in pregnancy receive tailored information and support about gestational weight gain, diet, and physical activity to optimize blood glucose levels and maternal and fetal outcomes at the beginning of pregnancy, or at the time of gestational diabetes diagnosis, and throughout pregnancy.

Quality Statement 5: Fetal Monitoring and Timing of Delivery

People with diabetes in pregnancy receive increased fetal monitoring based on glucose control, maternal complications, comorbid conditions, and/or fetal well-being. Induction of labour is considered before 40 weeks’ gestation if maternal or fetal indications exist.

Quality Statement 6: Postpartum Diabetes Screening for People With Gestational Diabetes

People with gestational diabetes are screened for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test between six weeks and six months postpartum.

Supporting Documents

Patient guide for this quality standard

Know what to ask for in your care 

Placemat for this quality standard

A quick-reference resource for clinicians that summarizes the quality standard and includes links to helpful resources and tools

Getting started guide

Quality improvement tools and resources for health care professionals, including an action plan template

Measurement guide

Supplementary information to support the data collection and measurement process

Additional Resources

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Last Updated: February 24, 2026